Energy from Nuclear Fusion

The fusion of hydrogen

The fusion of hydrogen is a radioactive reaction that releases the most energy than any other fuel or source of energy and its end products are helium-4 which is not dangerous to the atmosphere; non-radioactive, not chemically active. Just the neutrons emitted when tritium fuses with deuterium to form helium-4 but this have a very short half-life of 9seconds disintegrating to a proton and an electron which forms a hydrogen atom which may further take part in the fusion reactions. The big problem is the high repulsive force between the positively charged hydrogen nuclei. Sufficient speed of the hydrogen nuclei in collision to fuse them together is possible only at high temperatures to overcome the great repulsive force between the nuclei. We wish to reduce this excitation energy of the hydrogen nuclei to make use of this form of energy.

The electron cloud around the hydrogen nucleus makes the atom neutral. The fusion may only occur when nucleons come sufficiently close so that nuclear forces may start acting. Suppose we could overlap the electron cloud of two hydrogen atoms, they being neutral so that the nuclei fuse or the nucleons come sufficiently close to fuse without the repulsive force acting then this excitation energy will be minimized. But the electron clouds already overlap in the hydrogen molecule and the nuclei are much closer than in between atoms. Then probably in an electromagnetic field or some other kind of field the distribution of the electron cloud could make the repulsive force cancelled out so that little energy or temperature in needed to get the nucleons fused.

The whole process could be just the fusion of hydrogen. Two Hydrogen-1 nuclei fuse to deuterium; hydrogen-2, the deuterium forms a hydrogen molecule with a Hydrogen-1 (or another deuterium atom) to form a tritium; hydrogen-3 (and release a neutron). When a tritium atom finally fuses with a deuterium atom a helium-4 nucleus and a neutron is released.

The solution to this problem may then be just creating a field that could distribute the electron cloud for a huge drop in the excitation energy so that any hydrogen molecule can have its nuclei fused to a single one. The emitted neutron disintegrates to hydrogen-1 to take part further in the radioactive reactions. If the need for excitation energy is cancelled out, then the great cost that comes with holding or containing the gas is eliminated.

The source of the fuel is the large body of water in the oceans. The oxygen released from separating water to hydrogen and oxygen will add the quantity in the air while the helium is left to float high in the sky – if no use is found for it – being a very light gas. But it could be fused further to carbon-12 for diamond or oxygen for the air while releasing a lot more energy. . The end products could as well be clean and pure silicon for computer chips or burned in oxygen to silicon dioxide as quartz and dropped in the bottom of the ocean as non-destructive waste. The volume of the ocean will be lowered if great quantities are used up or if it becomes the main source of energy. The huge volumes of the ocean cause coastal wash away into the ocean that may risk lives at those regions or increase the strength of the winds, storms or ocean currents.

The huge consumption of fossil fuels will be reduced if not stopped so that little waste that pollutes is left to the environment. Clean water may be guaranteed since little waste is poured to the ocean. No more carbon dioxide for the air that contributes to global warming and the melting of polar ice.

The low or room temperature at which the fusion can occur will let even automobiles to use this form of energy and develop how to generate electricity from this and develop electrical energy vehicles. Electrical energy would be developed domestically for household needs.