Insulin is a protein hormone which is secreted by the islet cells of the pancreas. Chemically speaking it is composed of two polypeptide chains that are connected by disulfide bond or S-S bond. It has a molecular weight of 5808. …
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The mitochondria are organelles located with each cell. The mitochondria are bacillus shaped, or shaped like a drug capsule. In the fact that they are shaped like many common bacteria is not a coincidence. An important aspect of the mitochondria…
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(Before reading this article, let it be noted that physics is an extremely complex subject to teach and grasp. Because of the many complexities involved every day events, I will be writing this article with the impression that the reader…
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The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) forms an interconnected network of tubules, vesicles and sac-like structures called cisternae within the cells. It is a part of the endomembrane system which consists of the plasma membrane of the cell, the nuclear envelope, etc….
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An exploding star is a supernova, or the process by which a star transforms into a different kind of body. It can become a dwarf star, a quasar or a pulsar. The end result of the transformation can even result in…
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In 1935 Fritz Zwicky and has colleague Walter Baade coined the phrase supernovae. Supernovae are visually stunning, complicated, stellar explosions. They are a solar requiem. These extremely energetic explosions are the final actions in the lifetime of a star. A…
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Ever since Robert Hooke first observed cork cells in 1665, biochemistry as well as our understanding for cells and genetics has come a very long way. In 1984 when the first brick’ cell phones were just coming out, who would…
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Apoptosis is a suicide/evacuation plan that allows living cells to die with dignity, for the good of the organism. Sometimes cells must be broken down and absorbed by the system, without harm to healthy tissue. Apoptosis helps to maintain homeostasis…
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The Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky first invented the phase “dark matter” in 1934 after an exploration of the missing mass within the universe. In essence dark matter remains invisible, impossible to even touch or see. Continual scientific research focuses around…
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The Golgi apparatus (also known as the dictyosome or Golgi body) is a cellular organelle that is to be found in many eukaryotic cells. Their main job is as a processing and packaging factory for the important macromolecules vital to…
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