Overview
The lining of the digestive organs may develop pouches or pockets in weak areas. These balloon-like pouches, referred to as divertiucla, can occur in any portion of the digestive tract, but are most common in the large intestine, according to experts at the Mayo Clinic. Diverticulitis is an infection or inflammation involving the diverticula. Symptoms and treatment for diverticulitis vary depending on the severity of the condition.
Symptoms
Common symptoms associated with diverticulitis include pain, fever with chills, bowel changes, nausea and vomiting. An individual may feel a sharp pain that begins suddenly in the lower left side of the abdomen. Although the left side is the most common area to feel the pain, it can exist anywhere in the abdomen. The pain may also begin mild and grow in intensity. Bowel habits may change and the individual can experience constipation or diarrhea.
Risk Factors
Individuals over the age of 40 are most at risk for developing diverticula in the intestines. This common condition affects over half the population over the age of 60, according to Medline Plus. Low-fiber diets, obesity and a sedentary lifestyle also increase the risk of developing the condition.
Diagnosis
The pain of diverticulitis may mimic other medical conditions, such as appendicitis, inflammatory bowel disease or cancer. A physician diagnoses diverticulitis by performing a physical exam and questioning the individual about symptoms and lifestyle habits. Performing an imaging test, such as a CT or ultrasound scan, will help the physician see the diverticulitis as will lab tests looking for an increase in white bloods cells that signify an infection.
Treatment
Treatment options for diverticulitis vary depending on the severity of the condition. Mild cases of diverticulitis may only require a high-fiber or a liquid diet, pain medications and antibiotics, according to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. High-fiber foods include whole grains, beans, fruits and vegetables, such as potatoes with skin. Individuals with a serious attack of diverticulitis may require more medical care. Admission to the hospital for bed rest, to receive antibiotics intravenously and for possible surgery may be required.
Complications
Possible complications associated with diverticulitis include an infection in the abdominal cavity resulting in the diverticula rupturing. This infection, called peritonitis, requires immediate medical attention to prevent serious complications, such as death. Diverticulitis may also cause a blockage or fistula in the intestines as well as an abscess or bleeding in the rectum.
About this Author
Abigail Adams is educated and licensed as a registered nurse receiving her degree from North Georgia College and State University. She began her freelance writing career in 2009, teaching others about medical conditions and promoting wellness by writing on eHow and LIVESTRONG.
